preferably multicentric, are required to find the superiority of brahmi over donepezil. Sporadic Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease, the most common reported prion disease, is a fatal neurodegenerative disease caused by the misfolding of protein PrP to PrP . EEG is the first test to support the clinical diagnosis of sporadic CJD (sCJD). This study is carried out to describe the comprehensive electroencephalography changes in a cohort of patients with probable sCJD from south India. This retrospective observational study is conducted by reviewing case records from 2013-2020. Demographic, clinical, imaging details were noted. Electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings were retrieved and reviewed independently by two qualified epileptologists and the findings were visually analyzed and correlated with clinical and imaging abnormalities. Fifty patients with probable sCJD with the availability of artefact-free EEG were included in the study. The mean age was 59.76 ± 8.17 years and M F was 3119. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain showed abnormality defining CJD in 48/50, i.e., 96%patients. EEG showed specific and or nonspecific abnormalities in 88%. The specific abnormalities, i.e., periodic sharp wave complexes (PSWC), were noted 66%. PSWC were mostly asymmetric (90%) and more frequently seen in the right hemisphere (57.6%). KIN112 Amplitude maximum in the occipital region was noted in 42.4% and in frontal region in 36.4%. The sensitivity of EEG specific abnormalities to diagnose probable sCJD according to CDC 2018 criteria with positive MRI findings was 68.75%. This study showed that EEG is a relatively inexpensive and sensitive tool and assists in the diagnosis of sCJD. However, it can be normal or show nonspecific abnormalities in the early stages of the disease.This study showed that EEG is a relatively inexpensive and sensitive tool and assists in the diagnosis of sCJD. However, it can be normal or show nonspecific abnormalities in the early stages of the disease. Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder which greatly affects patients' quality of life. Despite an exponential increase in PD cases, not much attention has been paid to enhancing their quality of life (QoL). Thus, this systematic review aims to summarize the available literature for the role of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) intervention to improve QoL of PD patients. Literature review was carried out using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Scopus databases. The key search words were, " ", " ". Cochrane Collaboration software 5.3 was used to assess the quality of studies. Over 707 studies were identified out of which 5 studies were included which consisted of 160 subjects, 89 male and 71 female, with mean age of 65.04 years. PD type varied from idiopathic PD, rigid, akinetic, tremor dominant to mixed type. The overall risk of bias across the studies was low and unclear with high risk of bias in domain in one study. The efficacy of rTMS as an adjunct intervention to enhance QoL of PD patients is uncertain due to dire lack of research in this area. The findings of the present review would help researchers conduct a well-defined, randomized, controlled trial by overcoming the present limitations associated with rTMS intervention to improve QoL of PD patients.The efficacy of rTMS as an adjunct intervention to enhance QoL of PD patients is uncertain due to dire lack of research in this area. The findings of the present review would help researchers conduct a well-defined, randomized, controlled trial by overcoming the present limitations associated with rTMS intervention to improve QoL of PD patients.Status epilepticus (SE) is a common neurological emergency in childhood associated with high mortality and morbidity. Acute management of seizures along with aggressive evaluation for establishing the underlying cause are crucial determinants of outcome. Neonatal status epilepticus carries the burden of poor neurological outcomes and may lead to global developmental delay as well as persistent seizures. The aetiology and pathophysiological mechanisms of SE in neonates and young infants differ compared to older children and adults. The most common causes of SE in neonates includes hypoxic sequelae, ischemic stroke and intracranial haemorrhage. In infants, febrile status epilepticus and acute symptomatic seizures are more common than remote symptomatic causes. Recent advances in neuroimaging modalities and molecular diagnostic techniques have facilitated better diagnostic precision. There is deplorable lack of evidence evaluating management strategies of SE in this age group. In addition to prompt initiation of antiseizure medications, vitamin supplementation needs to be empirically added. Simultaneously, meticulous evaluation to determine cause must also be conducted. In this review, we discuss challenges and an algorithmic approach to the diagnosis and management of SE in neonates and infants.In recent decades, aquaculture has played a significant role in fulfilling the vast demand for animal protein requirements and consequently in food security. However, environmental contamination and disease prevalence are considered essential challenges for the sector. In this regard, new approaches have been paved in technology to deal effectively with such challenges. Among these, nanotechnology-as a novel and innovative tool-has a broad spectrum of uses and a tremendous potential in aquaculture and seafood preservation. It can provide new technologies for management of drugs as liberation of vaccines and therefore hold the assurance for civilized protection of farmed fish against disease-causing pathogens. This article presents a review of nanotechnology and its applications in aquaculture. Additionally, it gives a brief idea about the fish disease and classical ways of controlling pathogens. On the other hand, this review sheds the light on nanotechnology as a potential novel tool which may possibly enhance the management and the control of disease prevalence. Therefore, the importance of this technology to promote sustainable aquaculture has also been highlighted. Focusing on the role of selenium nanoparticles as an efficient element is discussed also in this article.

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